十条不可不知的摄影用光技巧-中国摄影在线

laozai 发表于 2010-8-29 14:57:00

十条不可不知的摄影用光技巧

十条不可不知的摄影用光技巧<blockquote jquery1283057613609="6" style="DISPLAY: none;">A broad light source And tips on how you can apply them to your photography.</blockquote>  <blockquote jquery1283057613609="7" style="DISPLAY: none;">By Dan Richards Posted June 16, 2010</blockquote>作者：丹·理查兹时间：2010年6月16日<blockquote jquery1283057613609="8" style="DISPLAY: none;">1. The broader the light source, the softer the light. The narrower the source, the harder the light. A broad light source lessens shadows, reduces contrast, suppresses texture. A narrow light source does the opposite. This is because, with a broad source, light rays hit your subject from more directions, which tends to fill in shadows and give more even illumination to the scene.</blockquote>   No.1 光源越广，光线越柔和     相反的，光源越窄，光线越硬。广泛的光源能够弱化阴影、降低对比、抑制纹理，较窄的光源则作用相反。这是因为光源越广，射在物体上光线的方向就越多，这会起到增加场景中的照明、减少阴影的作用。   <blockquote jquery1283057613609="9" style="DISPLAY: none;">Tip: Position a portrait subject near a large, bright window that does not receive direct sunlight. It makes for a no-cost softbox— no studio equipment necessary.</blockquote>小提示：将人像主体安排在一扇不受阳光直射且大而亮的窗户边，窗户可以起到柔光箱的效果，不再需要影室专用设备。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="10" style="DISPLAY: none;">2. The closer the light source, the softer the light. The farther the source, the harder the light. This stands to reason: Move a light closer, and you make it bigger—that is, broader—in relation to your subject. Move it farther away, and you make it relatively smaller, and therefore more narrow.</blockquote>   No.2 光源越近，光线越柔和      相反的，光源越远，光线越硬。这是因为当光源离被摄体越近，相对的就越大，也就是越广；而当光源离被摄体越远，相对的就越小，也就是越窄。   <blockquote jquery1283057613609="11" style="DISPLAY: none;">Think about the sun, which is something like 109 times the diameter of the earth—pretty broad! But, at 93 million miles away, it takes up a very small portion of the sky and hence casts very hard light when falling directly on a subject.</blockquote>    以太阳为例，太阳的直径是地球的109倍，它本是一个相当广的光源！但是太阳距地球9300万英里（约1.5亿千米），只占地球天空非常小的一小部分，因此当阳光直射在物体上时光线就很硬。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="12" style="DISPLAY: none;">Tip: When photographing people indoors by available light, move lamps closer to them or vice versa for more flattering light.</blockquote>小提示：在室内用现有灯光拍摄人像时，可以通过改变光源与被摄体间距离的方法使照片的光线更加动人。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="13" style="DISPLAY: none;">3. Diffusion scatters light, essentially making the light source broader and therefore softer. When clouds drift in front of the sun, shadows get less distinct. Add fog, and the shadows disappear. Clouds, overcast skies, and fog act as diffusion—something that scatters the light in many directions. On overcast or foggy days, the entire sky, in effect, becomes a single very broad light source—nature’s softbox.</blockquote>   No.3 漫散射能够分散光线，使光源变广、光线变柔     运用漫散射分散光线的实质还是使光源变广，从而达到柔化光线的目的。当云层遮挡住阳光，物体上的阴影会明显减少，如果有雾，阴影则会消失。云层、阴沉的天空和大雾都会使光线发生漫射，漫射会将光线分散向各个方向。阴天和雾天时，整个天空会变成一个非常广的光源，一个天然的柔光箱。   <blockquote jquery1283057613609="14" style="DISPLAY: none;">Tip: Materials such as translucent plastic or white fabric can be used to diffuse a harsh light source. You can place a diffuser in front of an artificial light, such as a strobe. Or, if you're in bright sun, use a light tent or white scrim to soften the light falling on your subject.</blockquote>小提示：半透明塑料或白色织物等材料都可以用来漫射强烈的光线。你可以在人工光源─如影室闪光灯前加一个柔光罩；如果在明亮的阳光下，也可以使用柔光篷或柔光箱来柔化光线。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="15" style="DISPLAY: none;">4. Bouncing light acts as diffusion. Aim a narrow light source at a broad, matte surface—such as a wall, ceiling, or matte reflector—and it not only reflects the light but also diffuses it by scattering it over a wider area.</blockquote>   No.4 在反射中漫射光线     将一束较窄的光线射在一个较大的磨砂表面上，如墙壁、屋顶或磨砂反光板等，光线在反射的过程中会发生被漫射到较宽广的区域。   <blockquote jquery1283057613609="16" style="DISPLAY: none;">Use a shiny refiector, though, and the light will stay fairly narrow on the bounce. The most extreme type of shiny refiector—a mirror—will keep the light focused pretty much as narrowly in the refiection.</blockquote>    但是如果使用光面反光板，光线被反射后仍然会很窄。镜子是一种极端的光面反光板，它反射的光线几乎与入射光线一样窄。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="17" style="DISPLAY: none;">Tip: Crumple a big piece of aluminum foil, spread in out again, and wrap it around a piece of cardboard, shiny side out. It makes a good reflector that’s not quite as soft in effect as a matte white surface—great for adding sparkly highlights.</blockquote>小提示：将一大块铝箔揉成团，展开后将亮面向外，包在一块纸板上，一块柔光反光板就做好了。虽然这种自制反光板的漫射效果不如白色磨砂反光板，但它能在照片中增加闪闪发亮的光点。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="18" style="DISPLAY: none;">5. The farther the light source, the more it falls off— gets dimmer on your subject. The rule says that light falls off as the square of the distance. That sounds complicated, but isn’t really. If you move a light twice as far from your subject, you end up with only one-quarter of the light on the subject.</blockquote>

FGWZXG 发表于 2011-10-24 16:38:36

本帖最后由观众教育于 2015-7-29 20:16 编辑

知识改变认识

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红杏尚书 发表于 2012-3-12 07:43:16

本帖最后由观众教育于 2015-7-29 20:16 编辑

好贴，学习了。

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十条不可不知的摄影用光技巧